by Emma Moss 

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Adelaide's River Torrens, Karrawirra Pari—meaning Red Gum Forest River —was a central hub for swimming and fishing enthusiasts.

The river, particularly near the Weir, served as a popular spot for locals seeking respite from the summer heat.

Swimming clubs, such as the Gilberton Swimming Club, were established along its banks, fostering community engagement and promoting aquatic sports.

Public opinion during this era was largely favourable towards swimming in the Torrens. The river was seen as a communal asset, offering a convenient and accessible location for both casual swimmers and organized events.

Annual competitions, like the "Swim-Through Adelaide," became anticipated events, drawing participants and spectators alike.

Beyond swimming, the River Torrens was also known for its clean and clear waters, which made it a favoured location for fishing.

Locals regularly fished in the river, catching species such as callop (Yellowbelly), perch, and even freshwater crayfish. The clarity of the water and the abundance of fish made it a valuable resource for both sustenance and leisure.

Families often spent weekends by the river, enjoying picnics and casting lines into the water. Fishing was a cherished tradition that complemented the swimming culture of the time.

However, over the 20th century, the river's water quality began to decline. Urbanization led to increased pollution, making the waters less suitable for both swimming and fishing. By the late 1960s, concerns over health and safety had intensified.

The final "Swim-Through Adelaide" was held in 1969, marking the end of an era. That same year, the City Baths on King William Road were demolished, and the Adelaide Aquatic Centre was established as a modern alternative for swimming.

The cessation of public swimming in the River Torrens was primarily due to deteriorating water quality. Pollution from industrial discharge, stormwater runoff, and inadequate sewage treatment contributed to the river's decline.

Public health officials deemed the water unsafe, leading to the prohibition of swimming activities. Similarly, fish populations suffered due to contamination, leading to a significant reduction in recreational fishing along the river.

In recent years, there have been discussions about reintroducing swimming to the Torrens.

Proposals for natural swimming pools and efforts to improve water quality indicate a renewed interest in making the river swimmable again.

One optimistic former City Council election candidate, Sam Taylor has issued a challenge to “Swim in the Torrens” on 1 November 2025 and has more than 500 respondents who say they are “going”.

While challenges remain, these initiatives highlight the enduring connection between Adelaide's residents and the River Torrens.

The history of swimming and fishing in the River Torrens reflects Adelaide's evolving relationship with its natural environment. From a cherished communal pastime to concerns over pollution, and now to restoration efforts, the river remains a focal point in the narrative of both the City of Adelaide, and your Adelaide Park Lands.

Related stories:

• Natural Pool in the River Torrens: Yay or Nay? (27 August 2021)